Resolve "Improve on the build process of the docker image"

- switching to `pyproject.toml` for the python setup process [PEP 621](https://peps.python.org/pep-0621/)
- storing gui artifacts to avoid cyclic dependency
- using dynamic version based the git status using [setuptools-scm](https://pypi.org/project/setuptools-scm/)
- fix python pacakge conflicts by using [pip-tools](https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools)
- Multi stage docker build  
- CI/CD: switching to the built image for testing
- cleanup refactoring (`.gitignore`, `MANIFEST.in`, `scripts`, etc.)