diff --git a/nifty4/data_objects/distributed_do.py b/nifty4/data_objects/distributed_do.py
index 14d132d36ef0df546dfb09a2f9d8fbef28377ddf..393e22a94cf68318cf7749a9558c8f514856462e 100644
--- a/nifty4/data_objects/distributed_do.py
+++ b/nifty4/data_objects/distributed_do.py
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ class data_object(object):
     def fill(self, value):
         self._data.fill(value)
 
+
 for op in ["__add__", "__radd__", "__iadd__",
            "__sub__", "__rsub__", "__isub__",
            "__mul__", "__rmul__", "__imul__",
diff --git a/nifty4/field.py b/nifty4/field.py
index 9ff37ff9997f79d6bad20c41035a8a840afdc8d8..6438f31fa675381ca842b0602152336a54b2b155 100644
--- a/nifty4/field.py
+++ b/nifty4/field.py
@@ -730,6 +730,7 @@ class Field(object):
             return False
         return (self._val == other._val).all()
 
+
 for op in ["__add__", "__radd__", "__iadd__",
            "__sub__", "__rsub__", "__isub__",
            "__mul__", "__rmul__", "__imul__",
diff --git a/nifty4/library/nonlinear_wiener_filter_energy.py b/nifty4/library/nonlinear_wiener_filter_energy.py
index 93786f7df4de32ec24d85225f25c8a01e7388dff..c0ecf3ef5288e43ba62a1f58d4a530a117718b75 100644
--- a/nifty4/library/nonlinear_wiener_filter_energy.py
+++ b/nifty4/library/nonlinear_wiener_filter_energy.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class NonlinearWienerFilterEnergy(Energy):
         self.N = N
         self.S = S
         self.inverter = inverter
-        if sampling_inverter==None:
+        if sampling_inverter is None:
             sampling_inverter = inverter
         self.sampling_inverter = sampling_inverter
         t1 = S.inverse_times(position)
@@ -64,4 +64,5 @@ class NonlinearWienerFilterEnergy(Energy):
     @property
     @memo
     def curvature(self):
-        return WienerFilterCurvature(self.R, self.N, self.S, self.inverter, self.sampling_inverter)
+        return WienerFilterCurvature(self.R, self.N, self.S, self.inverter,
+                                     self.sampling_inverter)
diff --git a/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_curvature.py b/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_curvature.py
index e7e2a725cf6e6ec9f6a6c8b570ad19721542e2eb..2b9ab4c3bcab183ebe3bac13b32d1e621e14b533 100644
--- a/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_curvature.py
+++ b/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_curvature.py
@@ -45,9 +45,8 @@ def WienerFilterCurvature(R, N, S, inverter, sampling_inverter=None):
         default: None
     """
     M = SandwichOperator.make(R, N.inverse)
-    if sampling_inverter != None:
+    if sampling_inverter is not None:
         op = SamplingEnabler(M, S.inverse, sampling_inverter)
     else:
         op = M + S.inverse
     return InversionEnabler(op, inverter, S.inverse)
-
diff --git a/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_energy.py b/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_energy.py
index 5f25953d92605ba6bb4011fbf18a37555a61d449..276aa71e22953e908045491cf15fce2f2ec71137 100644
--- a/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_energy.py
+++ b/nifty4/library/wiener_filter_energy.py
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ from ..minimization.quadratic_energy import QuadraticEnergy
 from .wiener_filter_curvature import WienerFilterCurvature
 
 
-def WienerFilterEnergy(position, d, R, N, S, inverter=None, sampling_inverter=None):
+def WienerFilterEnergy(position, d, R, N, S, inverter=None,
+                       sampling_inverter=None):
     """The Energy for the Wiener filter.
 
     It covers the case of linear measurement with
diff --git a/nifty4/logger.py b/nifty4/logger.py
index d49dd42ee6a510622691a5db582b56d7189c3d01..258f81ea97c1b5e466279af4276c2eb6fea9a201 100644
--- a/nifty4/logger.py
+++ b/nifty4/logger.py
@@ -30,4 +30,5 @@ def _logger_init():
         res.addHandler(logging.NullHandler())
     return res
 
+
 logger = _logger_init()
diff --git a/nifty4/minimization/line_search.py b/nifty4/minimization/line_search.py
index c2933416c94e39f075e8e4ed2a08768c80d3b661..49871dc0974ca09eff0db7e3358568c8272257ed 100644
--- a/nifty4/minimization/line_search.py
+++ b/nifty4/minimization/line_search.py
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ from ..utilities import NiftyMetaBase
 
 
 class LineSearch(NiftyMetaBase()):
-    """Class for determining the optimal step size along some descent direction.
+    """Class for determining the optimal step size along some descent
+       direction.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
diff --git a/nifty4/minimization/line_search_strong_wolfe.py b/nifty4/minimization/line_search_strong_wolfe.py
index 284455d67d910136fe6e58ed62ea33e3d3834dda..b51cb102eea38a677678df43247d3507960895e6 100644
--- a/nifty4/minimization/line_search_strong_wolfe.py
+++ b/nifty4/minimization/line_search_strong_wolfe.py
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ from ..logger import logger
 
 
 class LineSearchStrongWolfe(LineSearch):
-    """Class for finding a step size that satisfies the strong Wolfe conditions.
+    """Class for finding a step size that satisfies the strong Wolfe
+    conditions.
 
     Algorithm contains two stages. It begins with a trial step length and
     keeps increasing it until it finds an acceptable step length or an
diff --git a/nifty4/multi/multi_field.py b/nifty4/multi/multi_field.py
index 9d52cc8612314f2383ae561a7fb0f10461152b8e..cce6c79a1171986071caee5a1ef88c969a45d49d 100644
--- a/nifty4/multi/multi_field.py
+++ b/nifty4/multi/multi_field.py
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ class MultiField(object):
                 return False
         return True
 
+
 for op in ["__add__", "__radd__", "__iadd__",
            "__sub__", "__rsub__", "__isub__",
            "__mul__", "__rmul__", "__imul__",
diff --git a/nifty4/sugar.py b/nifty4/sugar.py
index 3775baa922819786455667c09e05cafd253f4293..4afa3a98dcc0c0b21530dd2efd3b4105a16cd856 100644
--- a/nifty4/sugar.py
+++ b/nifty4/sugar.py
@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ def makeOp(input):
 
 # Arithmetic functions working on Fields
 
+
 _current_module = sys.modules[__name__]
 
 for f in ["sqrt", "exp", "log", "tanh", "conjugate"]:
diff --git a/nifty4/utilities.py b/nifty4/utilities.py
index b52975bed5d56fadf724d058087c4524fbcf0a36..8068c4ebef9e024068eeab1642552db531d24171 100644
--- a/nifty4/utilities.py
+++ b/nifty4/utilities.py
@@ -166,6 +166,8 @@ def nthreads():
         import os
         nthreads._val = int(os.getenv("OMP_NUM_THREADS", "1"))
     return nthreads._val
+
+
 nthreads._val = None
 
 # Optional extra arguments for the FFT calls
diff --git a/test/test_field.py b/test/test_field.py
index cab8f64c51529d6a682f749632571e6293b4b443..dc0d6adfa89bec136974050cf4a0d11849106f97 100644
--- a/test/test_field.py
+++ b/test/test_field.py
@@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ class Test_Functionality(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_empty_domain(self):
         f = ift.Field((), 5)
-        assert_equal(f.to_global_data(), 5)
+        assert_equal(f.local_data, 5)
         f = ift.Field(None, 5)
-        assert_equal(f.to_global_data(), 5)
+        assert_equal(f.local_data, 5)
         assert_equal(f.empty_copy().domain, f.domain)
         assert_equal(f.empty_copy().dtype, f.dtype)
         assert_equal(f.copy().domain, f.domain)
diff --git a/test/test_minimization/test_minimizers.py b/test/test_minimization/test_minimizers.py
index 378048e1f50109ec605d2b88294852f36ab6687e..8fac6a339682b2258f6e1e2af6b807f2f8e85645 100644
--- a/test/test_minimization/test_minimizers.py
+++ b/test/test_minimization/test_minimizers.py
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ class Test_Minimizers(unittest.TestCase):
             raise SkipTest
 
         assert_equal(convergence, IC.CONVERGED)
-        assert_allclose(energy.position.to_global_data(),
-                        1./covariance_diagonal.to_global_data(),
+        assert_allclose(energy.position.local_data,
+                        1./covariance_diagonal.local_data,
                         rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-3)
 
     @expand(product(minimizers+newton_minimizers))
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class Test_Minimizers(unittest.TestCase):
             raise SkipTest
 
         assert_equal(convergence, IC.CONVERGED)
-        assert_allclose(energy.position.to_global_data(), 1.,
+        assert_allclose(energy.position.local_data, 1.,
                         rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-3)
 
     @expand(product(minimizers+slow_minimizers))
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ class Test_Minimizers(unittest.TestCase):
             raise SkipTest
 
         assert_equal(convergence, IC.CONVERGED)
-        assert_allclose(energy.position.to_global_data(), 0.,
+        assert_allclose(energy.position.local_data, 0.,
                         atol=1e-3)
 
     @expand(product(minimizers+newton_minimizers+slow_minimizers))
@@ -205,5 +205,4 @@ class Test_Minimizers(unittest.TestCase):
             raise SkipTest
 
         assert_equal(convergence, IC.CONVERGED)
-        assert_allclose(energy.position.to_global_data(), 0.,
-                        atol=1e-3)
+        assert_allclose(energy.position.local_data, 0., atol=1e-3)
diff --git a/test/test_operators/test_composed_operator.py b/test/test_operators/test_composed_operator.py
index 12b803ad22cc7d1004b0c88d056e2843c29d2d13..8d4271737a0076383972660d716f2df30b130f2d 100644
--- a/test/test_operators/test_composed_operator.py
+++ b/test/test_operators/test_composed_operator.py
@@ -58,34 +58,34 @@ class ComposedOperator_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
         rand1 = ift.Field.from_random('normal', domain=(space1, space2))
         tt1 = op.inverse_times(op.times(rand1))
 
-        assert_allclose(tt1.to_global_data(), rand1.to_global_data())
+        assert_allclose(tt1.local_data, rand1.local_data)
 
     @expand(product(spaces))
     def test_sum(self, space):
-        op1 = ift.DiagonalOperator(ift.Field.full(space, 2.))
-        op2 = ift.ScalingOperator(3., space)
+        op1 = ift.makeOp(ift.Field.full(space, 2.))
+        op2 = 3.
         full_op = op1 + op2 - (op2 - op1) + op1 + op1 + op2
         x = ift.Field.full(space, 1.)
         res = full_op(x)
         assert_equal(isinstance(full_op, ift.DiagonalOperator), True)
-        assert_allclose(res.to_global_data(), 11.)
+        assert_allclose(res.local_data, 11.)
 
     @expand(product(spaces))
     def test_chain(self, space):
-        op1 = ift.DiagonalOperator(ift.Field.full(space, 2.))
-        op2 = ift.ScalingOperator(3., space)
+        op1 = ift.makeOp(ift.Field.full(space, 2.))
+        op2 = 3.
         full_op = op1 * op2 * (op2 * op1) * op1 * op1 * op2
         x = ift.Field.full(space, 1.)
         res = full_op(x)
         assert_equal(isinstance(full_op, ift.DiagonalOperator), True)
-        assert_allclose(res.to_global_data(), 432.)
+        assert_allclose(res.local_data, 432.)
 
     @expand(product(spaces))
     def test_mix(self, space):
-        op1 = ift.DiagonalOperator(ift.Field.full(space, 2.))
-        op2 = ift.ScalingOperator(3., space)
+        op1 = ift.makeOp(ift.Field.full(space, 2.))
+        op2 = 3.
         full_op = op1 * (op2 + op2) * op1 * op1 - op1 * op2
         x = ift.Field.full(space, 1.)
         res = full_op(x)
         assert_equal(isinstance(full_op, ift.DiagonalOperator), True)
-        assert_allclose(res.to_global_data(), 42.)
+        assert_allclose(res.local_data, 42.)
diff --git a/test/test_operators/test_diagonal_operator.py b/test/test_operators/test_diagonal_operator.py
index 5569c761702383def26f8e37ba06020704c9d3de..6e7210c369d9200480238b2d02dac6f7e8ca852e 100644
--- a/test/test_operators/test_diagonal_operator.py
+++ b/test/test_operators/test_diagonal_operator.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class DiagonalOperator_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
         diag = ift.Field.from_random('normal', domain=space)
         D = ift.DiagonalOperator(diag)
         tt1 = D.times(D.inverse_times(rand1))
-        assert_allclose(rand1.to_global_data(), tt1.to_global_data())
+        assert_allclose(rand1.local_data, tt1.local_data)
 
     @expand(product(spaces))
     def test_times(self, space):
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ class DiagonalOperator_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
         diag = ift.Field.from_random('normal', domain=space)
         D = ift.DiagonalOperator(diag)
         diag_op = D(ift.Field.full(space, 1.))
-        assert_allclose(diag.to_global_data(), diag_op.to_global_data())
+        assert_allclose(diag.local_data, diag_op.local_data)